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目的 探讨临床护士同理心、情绪耗竭与工作压力下偏离行为的相关性。方法 采用便利抽样法于2024年1—6月选取天津市7家三级甲等医院的临床护士为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、中文版杰弗逊同理心量表(the Jefferson scale of empathy, JSE-HP)、情绪耗竭量表和工作压力下员工偏离行为量表进行调查。结果 共发放问卷250份，回收有效问卷236份，有效回收率为94.4%。临床护士JSE-HP得分(91.12±13.77)分，情绪耗竭得分(10.39±1.59)分，工作压力下偏离行为得分(64.61±13.57)分。Pearson相关性分析结果显示，临床护士同理心与情绪耗竭呈负相关，与工作压力下偏离行为呈负相关，情绪耗竭与工作压力下偏离行为呈正相关(均P<0.05);中介效应分析结果显示，情绪耗竭在临床护士同理心与工作压力下偏离行为间起部分中介作用，占总效应7.89%(P<0.05)。结论 临床护士同理心、情绪耗竭、工作压力下偏离行为三者相关性显著。护理管理者应重视提高护士的同理心水平，并采取措施减轻其情绪负担，减少临床护士工作压力下偏离行为，以构建一个更加健康和谐的工作环境。
Abstract：Objective To explore the correlation between emotional exhaustion, empathy and deviation behavior under work stress in clinical nurses.Methods Clinical nurses from 7 grade-A hospitals in Tianjin province were surveyed using general data questionnaire, Chinese version of Jefferson empathy scale, emotional exhaustion scale, and staff deviation behavior questionnaire under work pressure from January to June 2024. Results A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed, of which 236 were valid, resulting in an effective recovery rate of 94.4%. The total score of clinical nurses′ empathy, emotional exhaustion, and deviation behavior score under work pressure were(91.12±13.77) points,(10.39±1.59) points, and(64.61±13.57) points, respectively. The results of Pearson correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between clinical nurses′ empathy and emotional exhaustion, as well as a negative correlation with deviant behavior under work pressure, and emotional exhaustion was positively correlated with deviant behavior under work pressure(all P<0.05). The results of mediating effect analysis showed that emotional exhaustion significantly mediated the relationship between clinical nurses′ empathy and deviation behavior under work stress, it accounts for 7.89% of the total effect(P<0.05). Conclusion There is a statistically significant correlation among clinical nurses' empathy, emotional exhaustion, and deviant behavior under work pressure. Nursing managers should pay attention to improving nurses' empathy level, and take measures to reduce their emotional burden, so as to reduce deviation behavior under work pressure and build a more healthy and harmonious working environment.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16821/j.cnki.hsjx.2026.02.005
中图分类号:R192.6
引用信息:
[1]杨威,刘明月,李莹,等.临床护士同理心、情绪耗竭和工作压力下偏离行为的相关性分析[J].护士进修杂志,2026,41(02):138-144.DOI:10.16821/j.cnki.hsjx.2026.02.005.
基金信息:
天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目资助(编号：TJYXZDXK-011A); 天津医科大学肿瘤医院护理部级种子基金项目(编号：TJMUCH-H-2023-19)
2026-01-28
2026-01-28