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目的 探讨心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease, CVD)高危人群健康促进生活方式(health promoting lifestyle, HPL)的现状及潜在剖面，分析不同剖面的CVD高危人群差异及影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法，选取2024年1—9月在河南省郑州市某三级甲等医院体检科体检、门诊就诊和住院的CVD高危人群为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、HPL量表-Ⅱ修订版(health promoting lifestyle profile-Ⅱ,revise, HPLP-ⅡR)、中文版心血管疾病风险态度和信念量表(attitude and beliefs about cardiovascular disease risk questionnaire-chinese version, ABCD-C)和一般自我效能感量表(general self-efficacy scale, GSES)进行调查。使用Mplus 8.3软件进行潜在剖面分析，SPSS 26.0软件进行单因素分析和多元logistic回归分析。结果 最终回收有效问卷386份，按CVD高危人群HPL水平分为健康消耗型、健康平衡型和健康储蓄型3个潜在类别，占比依次为8.8%、48.7%、42.5%。多元logistic回归分析结果显示，婚姻、家族史、感知受益和改变意向、自我效能感是不同类别CVD高危人群HPL的影响因素。结论 CVD高危人群的HPL处于中等水平且具有明显的分类特征，临床护理人员可以根据患者不同类别特征，采取针对性的护理措施，促进CVD高危人群HPL的形成。
Abstract：Objective To explore the current status and potential profiles of health-promoting lifestyles(HPL) in cardiovascular disease(CVD) high-risk populations, and analyze the differences and influencing factors among these populations. Methods Using convenience sampling method, high-risk individuals for cardiovascular disease who were screened in physical examination department, treated in the outpatient department and hospitalized at a tertiary Grade A hospital in Zhengzhou in Henan were selected as study participants from January to September 2024.Data were collected using the following instruments: a general information questionnaire, the HPL profile-Ⅱ revised(HPLP-ⅡR), the Chinese version of attitude and beliefs about cardiovascular disease risk questionnaire-chinese version(ABCD-C), and the general self-efficacy scale(GSES). Latent profile analysis was conducted using Mplus 8.3 software, while univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS 26.0 software. Results A total of 386 valid questionnaires were collected. Based on their HPL levels, the CVD high-risk population was classified into 3 latent profiles: health-depleting type(8.8%), health-balanced type(48.7%), and health-saving type(42.5%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that marital status, family history, perceived benefits and intention to change, and self-efficacy were significant influencing factors for different HPL profiles among CVD high-risk individuals. Conclusion The HPL among individuals at high risk for CVD is at a moderate level overall, with distinct classification characteristics. Clinical nursing staff can tailor targeted interventions based on patients' specific profile characteristics to facilitate the adoption of health-promoting lifestyles in this population.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16821/j.cnki.hsjx.2026.02.002
中图分类号:R473.5
引用信息:
[1]唐姗钐,张宝凤,李阳,等.心血管疾病高危人群健康促进生活方式的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究[J].护士进修杂志,2026,41(02):118-124.DOI:10.16821/j.cnki.hsjx.2026.02.002.
基金信息:
河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(编号：LHGJ20230330)
2026-01-28
2026-01-28